Author :
Abstract
Mutlak insülin sekresyonu eksikliğinden kaynaklanan Tip I Diabetes Mellituslu (T1D) hastalar için mevcut tedavi, ekzojen insülin replasmanıdır. Günümüzde, egzersiz terapisi diyabetin önlenmesi ve tedavisinde yaygın olarak kabul görmüştür ve düzenli egzersiz, T1D tedavisinin önemli bir parçası haline gelmiştir. Aynı zamanda diyabetin komplikasyonlarının önlenmesinde ve tedavisinde egzersiz terapisi diğer tedavilerle birlikte kullanılmaktadır. Bununla birlikte, T1D hastalar için egzersiz hipoglisemi ve hiperglisemi riski taşır. Teknolojik ilerlemeler diyabetli egzersiz yapan bireylerin çeşitli fiziksel aktivite türleri sırasında kan şekeri düzeylerini daha başarılı yönetmelerine imkan sağlasa da, teknoloji hala T1D’li hastalarda hipoglisemi korkusunu tamamen ortadan kaldırmamaktadır. Egzersiz yanıtındaki çoklu değişiklikler, T1D'li hastalarda fiziksel aktiviteyi caydırmamalı, bunun yerine yararlı sağlık etkilerini en üst düzeye çıkaran egzersiz biçimlerinin tanımlanması arayışını teşvik etmelidir.
Aerobik egzersizler, büyük kas gruplarının tekrarlı hareketlerini içeren ve temel olarak enerji üretiminde aerobik metabolizmayı kullanan egzersiz türleridir. Aerobik egzersiz, insülin duyarlılığını ve kan şekeri ve lipid metabolizmasını iyileştirebilir, böylece insülin dozunu azaltabilir ve glisemik kontrolü iyileştirebilir. Bir direnç kullanılarak yapılan egzersizler sadece kas-iskelet sağlığını iyileştirmekle kalmaz, aynı zamanda yaralanma riskini azaltarak günlük aktivitelerin verimli bir şekilde gerçekleştirilmesine de yardımcı olur.
T1D’li hastalar için literatürde beslenme, ilaç kullanımı, egzersiz ve kan şekeri yönetimi vb. gibi konularda yeterli sayıda kaynak bulunmaktadır, bu nedenle bu derlemede T1D bireyler için ne tür egzersizler yapılabileceği ve faydaları üzerinde durulmaya çalışılmıştır.
Keywords
Abstract
The current treatment for patients with Type I Diabetes Mellitus (T1D) caused by an absolute lack of insulin secretion is exogenous insulin replacement. At present, exercise therapy is widely accepted in the prevention and treatment of diabetes, and regular exercise has become an important part of T1D treatment. At the same time, exercise therapy is used in combination with other treatments in the prevention and treatment of complications of diabetes. However, for T1D patients, exercise carries an increased risk of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. Although technological advances have allowed individuals with diabetes to manage their blood sugar levels more successfully during various types of physical activity, technology still does not eliminate the fear of hypoglycemia in patients with T1D. The multiple alterations should not discourage physical activity in patients with T1D, but rather should stimulate the quest for the identification of the exercise formats that maximize beneficial health effects.
Aerobic exercises are types of exercises that involve repetitive movements of large muscle groups and use aerobic metabolism in the production of energy. Aerobic exercise can improve insulin sensitivity and blood sugar and lipid metabolism, thereby reducing insulin dose and improving glycemic control. Exercises using resistance not only improve musculoskeletal health but also help to perform daily activities efficiently, reducing the risk of injury.
For patients with T1D, there are sufficient resources in the literature on topics such as nutrition, drug use, exercise, and blood sugar management. The purpose of this review is therefore to provide brief and practical information about the types and benefits of exercise for T1D individuals.
Keywords
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